A Comprehensive Review of Oil Palm Development featured in ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY

Feeding the Palm: A Review of Oil Palm Nutrition. Advances in Agronomy, Vol. 152, 2018, pages 149-243. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

This article is the 4th Chapter in ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, a first-rate resource describing the latest research in agronomy. This prestigious serial contains major review articles dealing with the current topics of interest to agronomists, crop scientists and soil scientists. The subjects covered are varied and exemplary of the myriad subject matter dealt with by this long-running serial.

Authors:
T.T. TiemannØ, C.R. DonoughØ, Y.L. LimØ, R. Haerdter§, R. Norton#, H.H. TaoØ,¶, R. Jaramillo$, T. Satyanarayana£, S. Zingore¥ and T. OberthürØ

Ø International Plant Nutrition Institute, Penang, Malaysia
§ International Potash Institute, Kassel, Germany
# International Plant Nutrition Institute, Victoria, Australia
¶ Tropical Plant Production and Agricultural Systems Modelling (TROPAGS), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
$ International Plant Nutrition Institute, Quito, Ecuador
£ International Plant Nutrition Institute, Gurgaon, India
¥ International Plant Nutrition Institute, Nairobi, Kenya

Abstract:
After more than a century of cultivation and more than 80 years since the first field experiments on fertilizer use, there seems to be sufficient knowledge of oil palm mineral nutrition to support a productive and profitable industry. Still, changing conditions, especially in view of the allotment of new cultivation areas, newly developed genetic material, social and technological developments and consequential management changes, climatic changes, and so on, we summarize here the accessible information on mineral nutrition in mature Tenera oil palm generated over the past 50 years. We attempt to provide information that is both scientifically sound and practically relevant in order to bridge the gap between fundamental research and plantation management. Our scope covers an overview of oil palm development and adverse conditions, with a specific focus on plant nutrition. We shed light on the current understanding of yield potential and the origin of yield gaps and discuss the role nutrition plays in improved oil palm performance, including current systems to assess appropriate nutritional status. This leads to surveying information on nutrient deficiency effects and to an analysis of the applicability of and existing knowledge gaps in the 4R Nutrient Stewardship concept. We end with a comprehensive analysis regarding knowledge gaps and research opportunities and give a brief outlook into potential future research pathways.

Contents:
1. About This Review
2. Oil Palm Production

2.1 Macro-Economic Context
2.2 The Oil Palm and Its Growing Environment
2.3 Fruit Development
2.4 Stresses That Impact on Fruit Development
2.5 Oil Palm Yield Gaps
2.6 Contribution of Nutrition Management to Yield Gap Closure

3. Nutrients in an Oil Palm System

3.1 Soil Nutrient Inputs, Stocks, and Dynamics
3.2 Soil Test Critical Values
3.3 Nutrient Stocks in the Tree
3.3.1 Trunk Nutrients
3.3.2 Leaf Nutrients
3.3.3 Bunch Nutrients
3.4 Plant Tissue Critical Values
3.5 Nutrient Transfers and Recycling
3.6 Nutrient Effects, Deficiency Symptoms, and Beneficial Elements
3.6.1 Nitrogen
3.6.2 Phosphorus
3.6.3 Potassium
3.6.4 Magnesium
3.6.5 Sulfur
3.6.6 Chlorine
3.6.7 Boron
3.6.8 Copper
3.6.9 Zinc
3.6.10 Manganese
3.6.11 Iron
3.6.12 Molybdenum and Calcium
3.6.13 Silicon
3.6.14 Imbalances and Nutrient-Related Diseases

4. 4R Nutrient Stewardship Concept

4.1 Right Source
4.1.1 Concepts and Principles
4.1.2 Considerations for Macronutrient Sources
4.1.3 Practical Management Considerations
4.2 Right Rate
4.2.1 Concepts and Principles
4.2.2 Practical Management Considerations
4.3 Right Time
4.3.1 Concepts and Principles
4.3.2 Nutrient-Related Management Considerations
4.3.3 Location-Related Management Considerations
4.3.4 Practical Management Considerations
4.4 Right Place
4.4.1 Concepts and Principles
4.4.2 Practical Management Considerations

5. Knowledge Gaps and Conclusions

5.1 Knowledge Gaps and Research Opportunities
5.1.1 Data on Natural Basis
5.1.2 Data on Management
5.2 Conclusions

References

For details, please email IPNI Southeast Asia Program: seap@ipni.net